Idan kuna ƙirƙira samfura kamar kayan gida, kwamitin tsaro, tsarin shigar kofa ko na gefen kwamfuta, zaku iya zaɓar nuna mai buzzer azaman hanyar mu'amala da masu amfani kawai ko kuma a zaman wani ƙwararren mai amfani.
Daga Bruce Rose, Babban Injiniyan Aikace-aikace, Na'urorin CUI
A kowane hali, mai buzzer na iya zama hanya mara tsada kuma abin dogaro na amincewa da umarni, yana nuna matsayin kayan aiki ko tsari, haifar da hulɗa, ko ƙara ƙararrawa.
Ainihin, buzzer yawanci ko dai nau'in maganadisu ne ko nau'in piezoelectric.Zaɓin ku zai iya dogara da halayen siginar tuƙi, ko ƙarfin sauti na fitarwa da ake buƙata da sarari na zahiri.Hakanan zaka iya zaɓar tsakanin nau'ikan mai nuna alama da transducer, ya danganta da sautunan da kuke so da ƙwarewar ƙirar da'irar da ke gare ku.
Bari mu dubi ƙa'idodin da ke bayan hanyoyin daban-daban sannan mu yi la'akari da ko nau'in maganadisu ko piezo (da zaɓin mai nuna alama ko mai kunnawa) zai iya dacewa da aikin ku.
Magnetic buzzers
Magnetic buzzers ainihin na'urori ne da ake sarrafa su, yawanci suna buƙatar fiye da 20mA don aiki.Wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da ita na iya zama ƙasa da 1.5V ko har zuwa kusan 12V.
Kamar yadda adadi na 1 ya nuna, injin ɗin ya ƙunshi coil da faifan ferromagnetic mai sassauƙa.Lokacin da halin yanzu ya wuce ta cikin coil, faifan yana jan hankalin zuwa ga nada kuma ya koma matsayinsa na yau da kullun lokacin da halin yanzu baya gudana.
Wannan karkatarwar faifan yana haifar da iskar da ke kusa da wurin motsawa, kuma ana fassara wannan da sauti ta kunnen ɗan adam.Ana ƙaddamar da halin yanzu ta hanyar nada ta hanyar ƙarfin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma rashin ƙarfi na nada.
Hoto 1. Magnetic buzzer gini da tsarin aiki.
Piezo buzzers
Hoto na 2 yana nuna abubuwan buzzer na piezo.Ana goyan bayan faifai na kayan piezoelectric a gefuna a cikin shinge kuma ana ƙirƙira lambobin lantarki a ɓangarorin faifai biyu.Wutar lantarki da ake amfani da ita a kan waɗannan na'urorin lantarki yana haifar da abin da ake kira piezoelectric don lalacewa, yana haifar da motsin iska wanda za'a iya gano shi azaman sauti.
Ya bambanta da buzzer na maganadisu, piezo buzzer na'ura ce mai sarrafa wutar lantarki;Wutar lantarki mai aiki yawanci yana da girma kuma yana iya kasancewa tsakanin 12V da 220V, yayin da na yanzu bai wuce 20mA ba.Piezo buzzer an ƙirƙira shi azaman capacitor, yayin da magnetic buzzer an ƙirƙira shi azaman nada a jere tare da resistor.
Hoto 2. Gina buzzer na Piezo.
Na nau'ikan biyun, yawan sautin sautin da aka samu yana ƙayyade ta yawan siginar tuƙi kuma ana iya sarrafa shi akan kewayo mai faɗi.A gefe guda, yayin da buzzers na piezo ke nuna alaƙar madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya tsakanin ƙarfin siginar shigarwa da ƙarfin sauti na fitarwa, ƙarfin sauti na masu buzzers ɗin maganadisu ya faɗi da ƙarfi tare da raguwar ƙarfin sigina.
Halayen siginar tuƙi da kuke da su na iya yin tasiri ko zaɓin maganadisu ko piezo buzzer don aikace-aikacenku.Koyaya, idan ƙara shine mabuɗin maɓalli, piezo buzzers na iya yawanci samar da Matsayin Matsi na Sauti (SPL) fiye da buzzers ɗin maganadisu amma kuma suna da babban sawun ƙafa.
Mai nuna alama ko transducer
Shawarar ko za a zaɓi mai nuna alama ko nau'in transducer ana jagorantar ta ta yawan sautin da ake buƙata da ƙirar kewayen da ke da alaƙa don tuƙi da sarrafa buzzer.
Mai nuna alama ya zo tare da ginanniyar kewayawa a cikin na'urar.Wannan yana sauƙaƙe ƙirar kewayawa (siffa 3), yana ba da damar hanyar toshe-da-wasa, don musanya don rage sassauci.Yayin da kawai kuna buƙatar amfani da wutar lantarki dc, mutum zai iya samun ci gaba ko siginar sauti kawai tunda an daidaita mitar a ciki.Wannan yana nufin cewa sautunan mita da yawa kamar sirens ko chimes ba zai yiwu ba tare da buzzers masu nuni.
Hoto 3. Mai nuna buzzer yana samar da sauti lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki dc.
Ba tare da shigar da injin tuƙi a ciki ba, mai transducer yana ba ku sassauci don cimma sautuka iri-iri ta amfani da mitoci daban-daban ko sifofin raƙuman ruwa na sabani.Baya ga ainihin sautunan ci gaba ko ƙwanƙwasa, zaku iya samar da sautuna kamar faɗakarwa mai yawan sautunan ringi, sirens ko chimes.
Hoto na 4 yana nuna da'irar aikace-aikacen don injin maganadisu.Maɓalli yawanci transistor bipolar ne ko FET kuma ana amfani dashi don ƙara girman motsin motsi.Saboda inductance na coil, diode da aka nuna a cikin zanen ana buƙatar don matsa ƙarfin juzu'i lokacin da aka kashe transistor da sauri.
Hoto 4. Mai jujjuyawar maganadisu yana buƙatar siginar tashin hankali, ƙararrawa transistor da diode don ɗaukar ƙarfin lantarki da aka jawo.
Kuna iya amfani da da'ira mai kama da tashin hankali tare da mai sauya piezo.Saboda mai fassara piezo yana da ƙananan inductance, ba a buƙatar diode.Duk da haka, kewaye yana buƙatar hanyar sake saita wutar lantarki lokacin da mai kunnawa ya buɗe, wanda za'a iya yi ta hanyar ƙara resistor a madadin diode, a farashin mafi girma da wutar lantarki.
Hakanan mutum na iya ƙara matakin sauti ta ɗaga mafi girma-zuwa-ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfin lantarki da ake amfani da shi a cikin transducer.Idan kun yi amfani da da'ira mai cikakken gada kamar yadda aka nuna a adadi na 5, ƙarfin lantarki da ake amfani da shi ya ninka girman ƙarfin wadatar da ake samu, wanda ke ba ku kusan 6dB mafi girman ƙarfin sauti na fitarwa.
Hoto 5. Yin amfani da da'irar gada na iya ninka ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ake amfani da shi a kan piezo transducer, yana ba da ƙarin ƙarfin sauti na 6 dB.
Kammalawa
Buzzers suna da sauƙi kuma marasa tsada, kuma zaɓin yana iyakance ga nau'ikan asali guda huɗu: Magnetic ko piezoelectric, mai nuna alama ko transducer.Magnetic buzzers na iya aiki daga ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki amma suna buƙatar mafi girman igiyoyin tuƙi fiye da nau'ikan piezo.Piezo buzzers na iya samar da SPL mafi girma amma suna da babban sawun ƙafa.
Kuna iya aiki da buzzer mai nuna alama tare da wutar lantarki dc kawai ko zaɓi transducer don ƙarin naɗaɗɗen sautuna idan kun sami damar ƙara mahimman kewayawa na waje.Abin godiya, CUI na'urorin suna ba da kewayon magnetic da piezo buzzers a cikin kowane nau'in mai nuna alama ko transducer don yin zaɓin buzzer don ƙirar ku har ma da sauƙi.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-12-2023
